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How to check a transducer

The power supply is often forgotten when diagnosing computer problems, but testing the device's power supply first can lead to a lot of troubleshooting problems in the future.

If your device experiences a Blue Screen of Death, hard disk problems, or the device won't boot at all, you may have problems with your power supply.

Do these tests before replacing expensive gear.

power supply test software free

Power Supply Test

1. Turn off the computer. After your computer shuts down, or if it's not working at all, turn on the button on the back of the power supply. Unplug the power supply from the electrical plug.
2. Open the cover of the computer. Disconnect the power supply cables from all components inside the device. Trace every cable from the power supply to make sure everything is properly disconnected.
3. Note where each cable is connected so you will know this when you re-assemble the device.
4. Make a test with a paperclip. You can use a paper clip to help you test the power supply to make it work. To do this, unfold a paperclip and then bend it into a U-shape.
5. This clip acts as a pin that is inserted into the power supply for an operating signal.
6. Look for the 20/24 pins that connect to your computer's motherboard. These pins are the largest on the power supply.
7. Look for the green pin and the black pin (15 and 16). You should insert the ends of the two pins into the green pin (there will be one) and into the black pin. Before doing this, make sure that the power supply is completely unplugged, turned off, and not plugged into the computer components.
8. The green jumper is pin 15 in the jumper pin diagram.
9. Insert the paperclip. After placing the paperclip on each connection pin, position the cable where it will not be shaken. Plug the power supply back in and turn the ignition on.
10. Check the fan. After receiving the power supply, you should hear and see the fan moving. This will allow you to make sure that at least the power supply is working. If the power supply does not work at all, check the connection pins again (after disconnecting the power supply) and try again. If the power supply does not turn on after that, the power supply is most likely faulty. [2]
11. This will not tell you if the power supply is working properly, and will only tell you that the power supply is working. You should perform the following test to ensure that the power supply output is working properly

output test 

Check the output through the program. If your computer is working and can run the operating system properly, try using a program to check the power supply output. SpeedFan is a free program that reads your computer's diagnostics and informs you of the temperature and voltage. Check the power supply readings to make sure everything is in the proper range.

If your device is not working, go to the next step.

Turn off the computer. Unplug the power cable from the electrical plug. Close the power button on the back of the power supply. Open the computer and unplug all components from the power supply. Trace every cable from the power supply to make sure everything is properly disconnected.

Test the power supply using a power supply test tool. These tools are readily available at computer supply stores. Look for the 20/24 pins on the power supply. This is usually the largest cable on the power supply.

• Connect the power supply test kit to the 20/24 connector.
• Next, plug the power supply into the electrical socket and turn it on. The power supply will turn on automatically and the power supply test tool will work.
• Some power supply test tools require that the power supply be turned on through a switch or a button on the test tool, and some work automatically.
• Check the voltage differences. The link gives multiple readings, but there are 4 basic readings to check:

1. +3.3 VDC
2. +5 VDC
3. +12 VDC
4. -12 VDC

• Ensure that the potential differences are in the normal range. A tolerance of +/- 5% can be possible in the values ​​+3.3, +5, +12, and tolerance can be as high as +/- 10% in the value -12. If you find any of the readings out of range, you will know that the power supply is faulty and needs to be replaced.
• Test other connections. After making sure that the base jumper is providing a correct output, test each jumper cable one by one. Unplug and turn off the power supply between tests.

Test the power supply with an electrical multimeter. Unfold a paperclip and bend it into a U shape. Find the green pin at the 20/24 joint. Attach the paperclip to the green connecting pin (No. 15) and to one of the adjacent black pins. This will trick the jumper into thinking it is attached to the motherboard.

• Next, plug the power supply into the electrical socket and turn it on.
• Find an illustration of the connection pins on your power supply. This will let you know which pins and the voltages you are outputting.
• Set the multimeter to the VBDC setting. If the computer does not adjust the field automatically, set it to the 10V setting.
• Connect the negative electrode of the multimeter to the ground (black) pin of the connection.
• Connect the positive probe to the first pin you want to check. Note the voltage difference displayed.
• Check the voltage differences to make sure they are in the correct range. If there is any voltage difference outside the normal range, then the power supply is faulty in this case.
• Repeat the process for each sub-junction. Refer to the wiring diagram for each connection for the connection pins to be tested.

Assemble the computer. After you have tested and confirmed all the power connections, you can assemble the computer again. Make sure that all devices are plugged in, and that all motherboard connections are connected properly. After you have finished assembling your computer, you can try turning it on.

• If you're still having problems with your computer or the device isn't working, skip to the other troubleshooting steps. The first place to check is the motherboard.

How to check my power supply wattage without opening

A power supply is an often misunderstood — and underappreciated — PC component. Many customers purchase a PC power supply solely based on overall wattage, believing that higher is always better. Others pay little attention to the power supply unit (PSU) they choose and accept whatever atrocity came with their computer.

However, given how critical a decent power supply is to a system's stability and long-term dependability, it's a shame that PSUs are overlooked in favor of flashier components like graphics cards and SSDs.

It doesn't help that the power supply market is flooded with items from shady producers that employ subpar components and exaggerate the hardware's capabilities, especially now that cryptocurrency values are skyrocketing, creating a tremendous demand for graphics cards and power supplies. However, if you have the correct information, you can choose a reliable and efficient power source.

This PSU guide will assist you in determining the optimum power supply for your requirements. Meanwhile, after you've decided on a power supply, these power supply installation instructions might help you get started. Let's get started.

• All about output

Manufacturers commonly list the output of their power supply in watts. A higher-wattage power supply can deliver more power. Power output ratings for a desktop power supply range from 200 to 1800 watts (for ultra-high-end, enthusiast-class products). Higher wattage ratings would be beyond the capacity of a standard 15-ampere electrical outlet.

The number that matters here is the one that represents sustained or continuous power, not the one that represents peak power. The most power supply can only function at full capacity for a short time.

Ideally, your unit will provide sufficient power to your components while also providing some extra headroom in case you choose to add more later.

With loads ranging from 40 to 80 percent, most power supplies reach their optimal efficiency values. To ensure optimal efficiency while leaving room for future growth, it's best to build to roughly 50 to 60% of a PSU's capacity.

• Choosing a power force

There's no single, universal rule for opting for a high-quality power force. Nonetheless, colorful pointers give particular substantiation of PSU quality, and some guidelines are generally helpful.

• An effective PSU is a better PSU

A power force’s effectiveness standing is important because advanced-effectiveness units tend to have better factors, waste lower power, and induce lower heat — all of which contribute to lower addict noise. A power force with an effectiveness standing of 80 percent provides 80 percent of its rated wattage as the power to your system while losing the other 20 percent as heat.

• The great rail debate

In addition to relating affair power, manufacturers will specify the number of 12V rails their PSUs contain. A “single-rail” power force has a single, high-power 12V rail for feeding power to empty system factors. A “multi-rail” unit divides its affair between two or further 12V rails.

• AIDA64 Extreme

PC power consumption monitor PC Windows 11

A computer's electricity consumption depends on its components and how often it is used. For example, a computer that is always on will use much more power than a machine that turns on once a day and is only used for a few hours to check e-mail, or surf the Internet, you should know The power consumption by the computer will not differ if it is turned on in the morning, or in the evening.

PC power consumption monitor PC Windows 11

PC power consumption monitor

A study by the Energy Saving Trust found that computers and peripherals consume around 8 percent of the UK's total household electricity consumption. This increases the cost of electricity by about US$50 a year.

The report also shows that a desktop computer consumes much more electricity than a laptop, up to nearly six times as much, because laptops are designed to run on battery power, so they do not consume electricity as much as desktop computers do.

One of the common uses of computers is gaming. Computers used for gaming consume energy from 5 kWh to 1200 kWh per year, according to a 2022 Berkeley Lab report.

Windows Power management settings

Computers come with functions that help reduce power consumption. You may not want to shut down your computer when you're done because you want to go back to it to finish work or continue a game, in which case you can use sleep or hibernate functions.

• Sleep mode

Also known as suspending, it puts the computer into a low power usage state. The computer will use RAM to save the documents and data of the currently open applications, so you won't lose anything when you go back to sleep mode.

The computer can also wake up again quickly, but Components that are not in use such as display, storage, and peripherals will be cut off from power.

• Hibernate

Hibernate differs from Hibernate, in that hibernation cuts off power to RAM, as well as other components, and instead of saving current data to RAM, it is saved to main memory.

This means that the computer is essentially not using power, and it becomes as If it's off, but it can still remember what you were doing last time when you turn it on again.

Sleep is useful when you take a short break from your computer, and hibernate is best if you plan to stay off your computer for long periods.

Should you turn off the computer at night?

If you use your computer more than once a day, at least leave it on throughout the day, if you use it in the morning, and at night, you can leave it on all night too, and if you only use it for a few hours once a day, or less, turn it off When you finish.

What parts of a computer use the most energy?

The amount of electricity a computer consumes varies depending on the parts inside it. Some devices, such as high-end gaming desktops with multiple graphics cards, will use much more power than lower-power devices that contain fewer components.

However, newer, better devices don't necessarily have to use more power than older, lower-quality devices.

In fact, one of the major problems with computer manufacturers is maintaining energy efficiency. Manufacturers are working to make their computer components more efficient, so if you have an old processor, it may consume more power than a modern processor.

In general, the processors and graphics cards are the ones that use the most energy, and the motherboard and the power source (Power) consume energy but transfer that energy to other components.

Other components such as RAM, hard drives, fans, case lighting, and optical drives also consume some power, but not by much.

The power consumption of peripheral devices such as keyboards and mice is generally less than 0.5W so you don't have to worry about it.

As a rough guide, here are rough ranges for how much power each component in a computer uses:

1. CPU: 55 to 150 watts.
2. Graphics processor: from 25 to 350 watts.
3. Optical drive: 15 to 27 watts.
4. RAM: 2 to 5.5 watts.
5. Hard disk: 0.7 to 9 watts.
6. SSD disks: 0.6 to 3W.
7. Fans: 0.6 to 6 watts.

How to limit power usage on a PC

If you're concerned about the power your computer uses, there are several things you can do to reduce the amount of power your computer draws:

1. Choose energy-efficient appliances, which have advanced cooling systems.
2. Upgrade your old mechanical hard drives to solid-state drives, they are faster, more efficient with less power consumption.
3. Unless you are using the computer for secondary purposes such as gaming or video editing, you can use computers with integrated graphics adapters.
4. If you want to install a video card, look for one that consumes less power.
5. Remember that the more cooling the components need, the more electricity they will need.
6. Upgrade components to newer versions to enhance performance and efficiency.
7. If you don't need a powerful computer, try replacing it with a low-powered version.
8. Turn off your computer when you're not using it (such as in the evening or on the weekends) and if you'd prefer it to run faster, you can use sleep or hibernate mode instead of turning it off completely.
9. Turn off the screen completely when you're not using it, or make it go into suspend mode, where the screen will go completely black, but as soon as you move the mouse or press the keyboard button, the screen will work again.
10. If you have older hardware, select the ACPI Suspend Type option in the BIOS and make sure it's set to S3 instead of S1 or S2, this option will prevent the computer from running the CPU, RAM, and many other components when it's in sleep mode.

Power consumption monitoring software for PC

If you want to know how much the computer consumes of electricity in your home and how much you will pay from the bill value this month, several sites enable you to calculate the percentage of computer consumption of electricity according to working hours and programs that give you an estimated percentage of electricity consumption from calculating computer operations from running programs and games in front of calculating electricity capacity Consuming computer resources such as power supply tester software

• The energy use calculator site writes your computer's operating hours and gives you an approximate percentage of the electricity consumption in your home.
• Microsoft Joulemeter program calculates computer consumption of electricity, which is developed by Microsoft and depends on several factors to find out how much electricity consumes computer operations such as browsing, programs, and games, with an estimate of the percentage according to the capacity of your power supply.

These sites work with a simple idea to calculate the electricity consumed by computers by adding information about your computer parts and the number of average operating hours to find out how much energy it consumes.